Sarcoidosis : Pathogenesis
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![HemPath_Lymphadenopathy_Sarcoidosis2.jpg](/slides-13/slides/HemPath_Lymphadenopathy_Sarcoidosis2.jpg)
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Pathogenesis: Sarcoidosis is thought be the result of a dysfunctional cell-mediated immune response to unknown environmental antigens in genetically susceptible individuals. The process is driven by increased secretion of cytokines such as IL-2 (which lead to oligoclonal expansion of CD4+ helper T-cells) and IFN-gamma (which causes macrophage activation). Additional cytokines such as IL-8, TNF, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha attract additional lymphocytes and macrophages and lead to the formation of granulomas. The image shows numerous non-necrotizing granulomas effacing the nodal architecture.