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HPV Pathogenicity

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Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) can cause a wide range of diseases from benign lesions to invasive cancers at cutaneous and mucosal sites. Each HPV type has a predilection for a specific anatomic site or clinical presentation or shows distinct histopathologic changes.

HPV-associated pathology includes: cutaneous lesions (verruca vulgaris, filiform warts, verruca plana, plantar warts, anogenital warts, and Bowenoid papulosis), mucosal lesions (oral warts, condylomata, focal epithelial hyperplasia or Heck disease, nasal/conjunctival/laryngeal papillomas), and cervical lesions. Humans can also acts as asymptomatic carriers of HPV.

HPV DNA has been detected in virtually 100% of cervical cancers and 84% of anal cancers worldwide, most commonly HPV16 and HPV18. About 25% of oral cancers and 35% of pharyngeal cancers are associated with high-risk HPV, especially HPV16. The risk of HPV-induced malignancy is high in immunocompromised patients, especially in persons with HIV/AIDS.

The image shows common warts (verruca vulgaris) on the face of a child.

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