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Myeloid Sarcoma : Sites

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Patients with acute myeloid leukemia can have tissue infiltrates of leukemic cells in different sites. The term myeloid sarcoma is used only if the infiltrates form space-occupying lesions with disruption of native tissue architecture.

Sites: The most common sites of involvement include skin, mucus membranes, orbit, central nervous system, lymph nodes, bones, gonads, and parenchymal organs (breast, genitourinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, and gonads). In children with AML, the most common sites of extramedullary involvement are skin and orbit.

The clinical appearance of skin lesions is variable and includes erythematous or violaceous papules and nodules, firm infiltrative plaques, macules, and, less commonly, ulcers and blisters. Patients with acute monocytic and myelomonocytic leukemia may have gingival hypertrophy.

This infant presented with numerous soft, painless skin nodules and was diagnosed with acute myelomonocytic leukemia on peripheral blood and bone marrow examination.

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