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Hairy Cell Leukemia : Spleen

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Spleen is almost always involved in hairy cell leukemia resulting in massive splenomemgaly. This intermediate magnification view shows numerous small areas of hemorrhage (blood lakes or pseudosinuses) that are lined by hairy cells. The white pulp areas are inconspicuous. The blood lakes are not specific for HCL and result from damage to the endothelial cells caused by interaction with hairy cells. At higher magnification, the hairy cells are monotonous with oval nuclei and abundant clear cytoplasm creating a fried-egg appearance.

Case History: This patient with hairy cell leukemia was a 40 y/o male who presented with pancytopenia and splenomegaly. The diagnosis was established by a bone marrow biopsy. Splenectomy specimen showed homogenous dark-brown parenchyma. Sections show a monotonous infiltrate of mononuclear cells in the red pulp. These cells were positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase.

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