Comments:
Squamous metaplasia can arise in the bladder secondary to chronic cystitis (shown here), schistosomiasis, diverticulum, or non-functioning bladder. Keratinizing squamous metaplasia is a risk factor for subsequent development of carcinoma (mostly squamous cell carcinoma) and other complications such as bladder contracture and obstruction. Khan MS, et al. Eur Urol 2002; 42(5):469-74.return to Miscellaneous Benign Changes in Urothelium
